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PT.ANDALAS TETRA JAYA has
served as Miner (Magnesium Oxide, Mangenese), Manufacture of
agriculture plant extracted, Consultant, Trading & Agency since end
of 2007.
Coconuts are the seed of the palm trees,
these palms flower on a monthly basis and the fruit takes 1 year to
ripen. A typical palm tree has fruit in every stage of maturity. A
mature tree can produce 50–100 coconuts per year. Coconuts can be
harvested from the ground once they have ripened and fallen or they
can be harvested while still on the tree. A human climber can
harvest approximately 25 trees in a day, while a knife attached to a
pole can up the number to 250 trees harvested in a day. Monkeys can
also be trained to harvest the coconuts, but this practice is less
efficient than other methods.
Coir fiber are found between the husk and the outer shell of a
coconut. The individual fiber cells are narrow and hollow, with
thick walls made of cellulose. They are pale when immature but later
become hardened and yellowed as a layer of lignin is deposited on
their walls. There are two varieties of coir. Brown coir is
harvested from fully ripened coconuts. It is thick, strong and has
high abrasion resistance. It is typically used in mats, brushes and
sacking. Mature brown coir fiber contain more lignin and less
cellulose than fiber such as flax and cotton and so are stronger but
less flexible. They are made up of small threads, each about 1 mm
long and 10 to 20 micrometers in diameter.
 Green
coconuts, harvested after about six to twelve months on the plant,
contain pliable white fibres. Brown fibre is obtained by harvesting
fully mature coconuts when the nutritious layer surrounding the seed
is ready to be processed into copra and desiccated coconut. The
fibrous layer of the fruit is then separated from the hard shell
(manually) by driving the fruit down onto a spike to split it
(De-husking). A well seasoned husker can manually separate 2,000
coconuts per day. Machines are now available which crush the whole
fruit to give the loose fibres. These machines can do up to 2,000
coconuts per hour.
Total world coir fibre production is 250,000 tonnes. The coir fibre
industry is particularly important in some areas of the developing
world. India, mainly the coastal region of Kerala State, produces
60% of the total world supply of white coir fibre. Sri Lanka
produces 36% of the total world brown fibre output. Over 50% of the
coir fibre produced annually throughout the world is consumed in the
countries of origin, mainly India. Together India and Sri Lanka
produce 90% of the 250,000 metric tons of coir produced every year.
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